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Companies noted a rise in the cost of raw materials due to
exchange rate fluctuations, an increase in transportation and wage costs, as well as
external economic environment on
internal conditions, including the dynamics of the ruble exchange rate, which reduces its volatility.
Moreover, the fiscal rule ensures a transparent
10) 2021 Q4
EXPORTS AND OIL PRICE Chart 1 IMPORTS AND RUBLE EXCHANGE RATE Chart 2
63х82 63х82
Billions of US dollars % YoY Billions of
exchange market. As in the previous month, the ruble exchange rate predominantly declined
throughout December, dropping to RUB/USD 74.68 (-0.8%). The exchange
spurred by speculative demand and expectations of
a further rise in their exchange rates, which is creating a bubble in the market. Cryptocurrencies
also have
12 (72) December 2021
Contribution of exchange rate to inflation in December was neutral
In December, the ruble exchange rate slightly declined against the US
Bank of Russia’s estimates
13
Ruble exchange rate
Nominal ruble exchange rate Real effective ruble exchange rate
50 7.5 160
55 8.0
Exchange Rate of US Dollar Against Ruble*.......................................................................................................... 93
3.2.2. Official Exchange Rate of Euro Against Ruble*.................................................................................................................. 95
3.2.3. Official Exchange Rate: