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Composite indicators of the external sector: GDP, inflation, interbank rate, USD exchange rate USD/EUR exchange rate • Estimated risk premium on OFZ bonds at short

the exchange rate. The exchange rate reaction in response to a rate change becomes smaller. For example, after a key rate cut, the exchange rate

response functions, automated upload of statistical data, projections of the output and exchange rate gaps, decompositions of the reasons for changes to the forecast, the

Russia23, exchange rate Weighted average of authors’ Nominal nominal RUB/USD and calculations exchange rate RUB/EUR exchange rates Nominal EUR/USD Investing exchange rate

factors such as exchange rates and world prices are significant determinants shaping the dynamics of domestic prices. The impact of exchange rates on inflation on

its regions. After 2014, when there was a transition to a floating exchange rate, inflation targeting policy, accelerated development of import-substituting agricultural production and the

part due to the monetary policy export duties tied to the ruble exchange rate, tightening and inventories accumulated in which were introduced on 1 October.

plans were based on other parameters, such as the key rate or the exchange rate. INFLATION RATE INCORPORATED IN COMPANIES’ BUSINESS PLANS Chart 12 (%) 14.

to the exchange rate was most noticeable. The current growth rate of prices (three-month average SAAR) with low sensitivity to the exchange rate also decreased,