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on the average exchange rate. Source: Bank of Russia. PRICES FOR GOODS AND SERVICES CHARACTERISED BY HIGH AND LOW SENSITIVITY TO EXCHANGE RATE Chart 29

welfare channel), and the ruble exchange rate (the foreign exchange channel).1 Through any of these channels, higher market rates constrain demand and inflation, while

case of escalating trade disputes may have proinflationary effects through the ruble exchange rate dynamics. Geopolitical tensions remain a significant uncertainty factor. Disinflationary risks involve

monetary conditions, fiscal policy, and the impact of the key rate on the exchange rate. We estimate the future key rate path taking into account

and precious metals is converted to rubles using the period average USDRUB exchange rate. Source: Bank of Russia. Russia’s balance of payments indicators in

case of escalating trade disputes may have proinflationary effects through the ruble exchange rate dynamics. Geopolitical tensions remain a significant uncertainty factor. Disinflationary risks involve

The unchanged tight monetary policy stance is invariably a major contributor to exchange rate stability. 4 TALKING TRENDS No. 5 (80) / July 2025 1. Inflation

a committee comprising representatives of the Bank of Russia, Moscow Exchange, and Analytical Credit Rating Agency. The committee evaluates issuers’ corporate governance practices, information transparency,

Exchange Rate of US Dollar Against Ruble*...........................................................................................................73 3.2.2. Official Exchange Rate of Euro Against Ruble*.................................................................................................................. 75 3.2.3. Official Exchange Rate:

silver (SILV-6.22 and SILV-12.22); • for natural gas (NG-2.21); • for exchange rates: EUR/RUB (Eu-6.21), CNY/RUB (CNY-9.22), and USD/RUB